Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is a rare but serious condition that primarily affects young children. It is characterized by the destruction of red blood cells, leading to anemia, along with kidney failure and low platelet count. HUS is most commonly caused by a bacterial infection, particularly by E. coli bacteria found in contaminated food or water. The primary symptoms of HUS include bloody diarrhea, abdominal pain, and decreased urine output. Treatment typically involves supportive care to manage symptoms, such as intravenous fluids, blood transfusions, and dialysis. In severe cases, plasma exchange therapy may be necessary to remove toxins from the blood. HUS can be a life-threatening condition, especially in children, so early detection and prompt treatment are crucial for a successful outcome. Long-term complications can include kidney damage and decreased kidney function.